Smoke Pass Mp4 !!LINK!!
This route exploits off man coverage, targeting an uncovered receiver. The smoke route often is a sight adjustment made by the quarterback and receiver, regardless of the play called in the huddle. When the signal-caller notices the defensive alignment he alerts the receiver and changes the play call.
Smoke pass mp4
Prior to the snap the cornerback gives Carey Woods (#83) nearly nine yards of cushion in this Cover 6 look. Seeing this, Wentz simply takes the snap from under center and slings the ball outside to Woods, who runs the smoke route. The receiver hauls in the quick toss and is able to put a move on the cornerback, picking up a first down for the Bison.
In the 2021 season, per Sports Info Solutions, NFL teams targeted their slot receivers on 39.7% of all passing attempts (7,496 of 18,881). 43.1% of all catches (5,481 of 12,731) came from the slot, as well as 35.6% of all receiving yards (49.737 of 139,619), 51.7% of all yards after the catch (35,567 of 68,802), 49.7% of all yards after contact (12,025 of 24,176), and 36% of all passing touchdowns (320 of 889).
Adams caught two touchdown passes from the slot the week before against the Browns, and on this nine-yard score from the inside slot, you can see safety Richard LeCounte begging for help pretty much from the snap of the ball.
We conducted systematic search of publicly available evidence from 1990 through 2018. A random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression epidemiologic model were employed to determine prevalence and number of smokers in Nigeria in 1995 and 2015.
While the prevalence of smokers may be declining in Nigeria, one out of ten Nigerians still smokes daily. There is need for comprehensive measures and strict anti-tobacco laws targeting tobacco production and marketing.
Smoking is a leading cause of preventable deaths and morbidity, linked to high burden of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart diseases and stroke [1,2,3]. It accounts for more than 7 million deaths annually with about 10% of these resulting from second-hand smoke [2]. There are around 1.1 billion smokers worldwide and about 80% of these live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where more than two-thirds of smoking-related deaths occur [2].
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and has one of the leading tobacco markets in Africa, with over 18 billion cigarettes sold annually costing Nigerians over US$ 931 million [7, 8]. Following the 2003 World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) [2], Nigeria ratified the convention agreement in 2005, and in 2015 signed into law the National Tobacco Control (NTC) Act that regulates all aspects of tobacco control including advertising, packaging, and smoke-free areas [2]. Despite these initiatives, some reports suggest the prevalence of smoking in the country is rising at about 4% per year [8].
The WHO estimated about 13 million smokers in Nigeria in 2012 [7], with over 16,000 deaths attributable to smoking [9]. Increased commerce by international tobacco companies and the relative role they play in economic growth may have contributed to a rise in smoking rates [8, 10]. Although, some national estimates of smoking prevalence have been reported [11, 12], the exact number of smokers remains debated, which possibly hinders health policy. Concerns over current estimates include varying case definitions, representativeness of study samples or data, and poor study designs. We therefore conducted a comprehensive systematic search of the literature and synthesized data based on standard case definitions to estimate national and sub-national prevalence of smoking in Nigeria.
We employed a random-effects meta-analysis, using the DerSimonian and Laird Method [25], to combine individual study estimates and generate national and sub-national pooled estimates of the prevalence of tobacco smoking in Nigeria. Assuming a binomial (or Poisson) distribution, we estimated standard errors from crude prevalence and sample. Heterogeneity was identified from subgroup analyses, and assessed using I-squared (I2) statistics. To show trends and changes in smoking prevalence in the country, a meta-regression model accounting for the study period, and age was developed. Age-adjusted prevalence estimates were generated from the model for years 1995 and 2015. These were employed to estimate the absolute number of current and ever smokers in Nigeria based on the United Nations population (five-year age groups) for Nigeria for the two years [26]. This model has been described in detail in previous studies [13,14,15,16]. All statistical analyses were conducted on Stata (Stata Corp V.14, Texas, USA).
The prevalence of smokers was notably higher in North-east Nigeria which may be expected given an ongoing armed conflict lasting more than a decade. Although the evidence of the association between smoking and conflict is limited and inconclusive [96], varying social situations among vulnerable populations are known to precipitate substance use [97]. With several persons displaced, children and adolescents out of school, and youths without jobs, substance use, including tobacco products, is likely to increase in these settings. Although Kale and colleagues [92] reported South-easterners as the highest consumers of tobacco products in the country, the deviance from our estimates suggests a need for more research to understand regional variations.
Although the NTC Act was signed into law in 2015 and the country has committed to the WHO FCTC since 2005 [18], Nigeria is not yet on track to achieve tobacco control targets [98]. For example, our estimates show that rural dwellers smoke almost at the same rate as urban dwellers, indicating that smoking, believed to be associated with urbanization, has gradually penetrated remote areas. Further, we estimated that current smokers consume an average of 10 cigarettes per person per day accounting for about 110 million cigarettes per day and over 40 billion cigarettes in 2015 alone. Vellios et al. [99] noted that the demand for cigarettes increased by 44% across many African countries between 1990 and 2012, with this leading to over 100% increase in cigarettes production over the same period in these countries. A thriving tobacco market raises serious public health concerns, particularly for a country with a relatively weak health system. Tobacco companies see these countries as emerging markets due to weak tobacco control regulations and several vulnerable populations [91, 94]. Careful incorporation of the WHO MPOWER package (targeted at reversing tobacco epidemic) [18] beyond the national level to state and local levels may complement successful measures like smoke-free legislation, taxes, health education and media campaigns [2, 7]. Besides, Nigeria needs to develop comprehensive surveillance systems to monitor the production, sales, and consumption of cigarettes to effectively achieve control targets [99].
While the prevalence of current smokers may be declining in Nigeria, the absolute number of active smokers remain one of the highest in Africa. Economic growth, improved socio-economic status, rapid migration, and increased cigarette affordability are key factors. As rural dwellers are almost as affected as urban dwellers, careful consideration is required during programming. Comprehensive measures and strict anti-tobacco laws targeting tobacco production and marketing need to be enforced across country levels.
Search terms on tobacco smoking in Nigeria. Table S2. Quality assessment of selected studies. Table S3. Quality appraisal guide. Table S4. All extracted data employed in analysis. Figure S1. Crude prevalence rate of current smokers in Nigeria, by geopolitical zones. Figure S2. Crude prevalence rate of ever smokers in Nigeria, by geopolitical zones. Figure S3. Pooled mean cigarettes consumed per person per day in Nigeria. Figure S4. Meta-regression modelling.
Wildfire activity amid extreme heat and drought has resulted in smoke blanketing much of the United States and Canada. As of July 14, 2021, 68 active large fires in 12 states have burned more than one million acres of land in the U.S. To date in 2021, more than 34,000 fires have burned more than two million acres. This is the most fires in the January to July time period since 2011. July is relatively early to see wildfire activity of this magnitude.
The ability of GOES-16 (GOES East) and GOES-17 (GOES West) to monitor smoke plumes in near-real time is particularly useful in directing firefighting efforts from the air. Deploying airplanes and helicopters to spray fire retardant is often hampered due to poor visibility. GOES-16 can help guide decisions for deploying flights by providing information on the exact location and motion of smoke from a fire. The smoke detection and monitoring information also enable better air quality forecasts.
GOES-16 and GOES-17 aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from July 13 showed thick smoke from fires burning in the western U.S. and western and central Canada degrading air quality, especially in Idaho, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington. High concentrations of aerosols, when inhaled, can lead to upper respiratory diseases including asthma. They decrease visibility and lead to unsafe conditions for transportation. GOES AOD measures the amount of light lost due to the presence of aerosols on a vertical path through the atmosphere. GOES satellites provide this information every five minutes. This AOD data aids meteorologists and others in making critical air quality, visibility, and aviation forecasts.
Suomi NPP and NOAA-20, satellites in the Joint Polar Satellite System, fly over each area of the globe twice a day, collecting data and high-resolution imagery of wildfires and smoke. Like the GOES satellites, Suomi NPP and NOAA-20 collect aerosol optical depth data. Although they only fly over twice per day, the data they collect is higher resolution and can show more details to help inform fire response and air quality warnings. In the northern latitudes, toward the poles, the satellites may fly over the same area more than once a day, due to their orbit. This has helped to collect data about the wildfires in Canada, and resulting aerosols in the atmosphere, more frequently. Aerosols from fires in Ontario and Manitoba, in particular, have drifted over Minnesota and other states in the northern Midwest. 350c69d7ab